Objects

1471 CE 1516 CE in Kingdom of Bohemia - Luxembourgian and Jagiellonian Dynasty: Vladislaus II the Jagiellonian (Vladislav II. Jagellonský) Louis the Jagiellonian (Ludvík Jagellonský) OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

1742 CE 1743 CE in Mataram Sultanate: Susuhunan Amangkurat V Susuhunan Pakubuwono II OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

438 CE 457 CE in Sasanid Empire I: Yazdgard II Hormizd III OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

1803 CE 1810 CE in Kingdom of Saloum: Makoumba Diogop Mbodj Ndéné Niakhana Ndiaye OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

944 CE 968 CE in Early Angkor: Rājendravarman II Jayavarman V OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

955 CE 964 CE in Rome - Republic of St Peter II: John XII Benedict VI OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

325 CE 342 CE in Western Jin: Cheng of Jin (Sima Yan, Jìn Chéng Dì) Kang of Jin (Sima Yue, Jìn Kāng Dì) OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

2184 BCE in Egypt - Late Old Kingdom: Merenre II Tepya Mentuhotep I OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

and 3190 more... coded for 246 Polities

Crisis Consequences

Crisis periods are defined as periods of turmoil within a polity duration. We measure this turmoil by:

tracking known destabilizing events such as major revolts, civil violence, and institutional reform; and

following established scholarship which identifies such crisis periods

169

cases

absent present inferred absent inferred present suspected unknown unknown are coded for:

PD Population Decline

PC Population Collapse

EP Epidemic

DM Elite Downward Mobility

EX Elite Extermination

UP Uprising

RV Revolution

SR Successful Revolution

CW Civil War

C+ Lasted a Century +

FR Fragmentation

CL Capital Loss

EC External Conquest

RA Ruler Assassination

RD Ruler Depose

CC Constitution Change

LC Labor Change

UL Unfree Labor Change

SF Suffrage

PG Public Goods Change

RC Religion Change

585 CE 590 CE in Lombard Kingdom: Civil War: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

1065 CE 1105 CE in Khitan I: Natural Disasters: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

772 CE 778 CE in Medang Kingdom: Hindu-Buddhist Struggles: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

1500 BCE 1430 BCE in Hatti - Old Kingdom: Fall of Old Kingdom of Hatti: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

671 BCE 656 BCE in Egypt - Kushite Period: Fall of Kushite Kingdom: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

1638 CE 1684 CE in Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early: Beaver Wars: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

583 CE 700 CE in Eastern Turk Khaganate: Division of Turkic Khaganate into western and eastern halves: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

1200 CE 1250 CE in Cahokia - Moorehead: Abandoment of Cahokia Mounds: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV SR CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

and 161 more... coded for 153 Polities

🇺🇸 US Political Violence Database

✓ coded for Date, Type, Subtype(s), Location(s), Fatalities, etc

1903

cases

Aug. 1, 2006 terrorism () in California (CA), San Francisco: 1 was killed. Source(s): The New York Times

Aug. 1, 1934 riot (prison) in Illinois (IL), Pontiac: 1 was killed. Source(s): Hartford Daily Courant Or The Hartford Courant

June 1, 1919 riot (race) in Illinois (IL), Chicago: 2 were killed. Source(s): Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

Jan. 1, 1923 riot (race) in Florida (FL), Rosewood: 4 were killed. Source(s):

April 1, 1959 riot (prison) in Montana (MT), Montana State Prison: 6 were killed. Source(s):

May 1, 1890 lynching (extralegal) in South Carolina (SC), Lexington: 1 was killed. Source(s): Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

Sept. 1, 1998 assassination (political) in Tennessee (TN), Cumberland: 1 was killed. Source(s): Wikipedia

Nov. 1, 1903 riot (political) in Kentucky (KY), Louisville: 9 were killed. Source(s): The New York Times

and 1895 more...

Welcome to

Seshat: Global History Databank

✓ the most current and comprehensive body of knowledge about human history

✓ collects what is currently known about the social and political organization of human societies over time

✓ offers the means to study the past through well-established scientific techniques

✓ founded in 2011 and thriving ever since

Objects

47

Seshat Regions

838

Polities

Seshat

General Variables

in categories: Identity and Location, Temporal Bounds, Language, Religion, Supra-cultural relations

Social Complexity Variables

in categories: Social Scale, Hierarchical Complexity, Professions, Bureaucracy Characteristics, Law, Specialized Buildings: polity owned, Transport Infrastructure, Special-purpose Sites, Information

Warfare Variables

in categories: Fortifications, Military use of Metals, Projectiles, Handheld weapons, Animals used in warfare, Armor, Naval technology

Human Sacrifice

The deliberate and ritualized killing of a person to please or placate supernatural entities (including gods, spirits, and ancestors) or gain other supernatural benefits.

CrisisDB

Power Transitions

absent present inferred absent inferred present suspected unknown unknown are coded for:

Crisis Consequences

Crisis periods are defined as periods of turmoil within a polity duration. We measure this turmoil by:

tracking known destabilizing events such as major revolts, civil violence, and institutional reform; and

following established scholarship which identifies such crisis periods

absent present inferred absent inferred present suspected unknown unknown are coded for:

🇺🇸 US Political Violence Database

✓ coded for Date, Type, Subtype(s), Location(s), Fatalities, etc

Welcome to

Seshat: Global History Databank

✓ the most current and comprehensive body of knowledge about human history

✓ collects what is currently known about the social and political organization of human societies over time

✓ offers the means to study the past through well-established scientific techniques

✓ founded in 2011 and thriving ever since

Objects

Seshat

in categories: Identity and Location, Temporal Bounds, Language, Religion, Supra-cultural relations

in categories: Social Scale, Hierarchical Complexity, Professions, Bureaucracy Characteristics, Law, Specialized Buildings: polity owned, Transport Infrastructure, Special-purpose Sites, Information

in categories: Fortifications, Military use of Metals, Projectiles, Handheld weapons, Animals used in warfare, Armor, Naval technology

The deliberate and ritualized killing of a person to please or placate supernatural entities (including gods, spirits, and ancestors) or gain other supernatural benefits.

CrisisDB

absent present inferred absent inferred present suspected unknown unknown are coded for:

Crisis periods are defined as periods of turmoil within a polity duration. We measure this turmoil by: tracking known destabilizing events such as major revolts, civil violence, and institutional reform; and following established scholarship which identifies such crisis periods

absent present inferred absent inferred present suspected unknown unknown are coded for:

✓ coded for Date, Type, Subtype(s), Location(s), Fatalities, etc

Crisis periods are defined as periods of turmoil within a polity duration. We measure this turmoil by:

tracking known destabilizing events such as major revolts, civil violence, and institutional reform; and

following established scholarship which identifies such crisis periods